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November 2018 www.coalage.com 35 india coal industry – an overview continued these 101 projects, 30 projects having an ultimate capacity of 330 million mt have been approved. Out of the 30 approved projects, 18 are expected to contribute 117 million mt in fiscal year 2017. South Eastern Coalfields Ltd., a sub- sidiary of CIL, would be setting up the country's largest coal washery with a ca- pacity of 25 million mtpy in the Korba district of Chhattisgarh. The project would be known as Kusmunda coal washery. It would be an integral part of Kusmun- da open-cast coal mine, one of the three mines operated by the SECL in the Korba coalfields having an estimated reserve of more than 10 billion mt. CIL currently operates 15 washeries, three non-coking coal washeries with feedstock capacity of 13.5 million mtpy, and 12 coking coal washeries with feed- stock capacity of 23.3 million mtpy. The company had planned to set up 15 new coal washeries in next three years. Nine are non-coking of a capacity of 94 million mtpy and six are coking washeries of ca- pacity of 18.6 million mtpy. CIL and Bharat Coking Coal Ltd. have agreed to set up 12 new coking coal wash- eries by 2019-2020. CIL is also working on acquiring coking coal assets, increasing domestic production and minimizing di- version of coking coal to thermal plants. Coking coal imports are expected to de- crease by 20%-25% due to these measures. SCCL has a total of 26 projects, 22 mining projects and four non-mining projects. Out of these 22 projects, eight projects are on schedule and 14 projects have been postponed. The Adriyala Shaft Project has been approved by the government of India. With a capital outlay of EUR168.27 mil- lion, it has a rated capacity of 2.8 million mtpy. Production from longwall technol- ogy in the Adriyala Shaft Project com- menced during October 15, 2014. Other new coal projects in India include: • Shree Cement's coal-based CPP project at Baloda Bazar, Raipur, Chhattisgarh; • Chettinad Cement's expansion of its coal-based CPP unit in Sangem. K, Gulbarga; • GPC's Khadsaliya-I lignite mining unit at Khadsaliya, Lakhanka & Thalsar; • Paras Power & Coal Beneficiation's coal washery in Bilaspur, Chhattis- garh; and • MNH Shakti's coal mining project in Sambalpur, Orissa. SCCL is planning to open 10 new proj- ects in the beginning of the next financial year, including Bellampally OC -2, Kasipeta -2, Shanthi Khani Continuous miner, Koya- gudem OC-2 Pit-1, J.V.R.O.C.2, Manuguru OCP, K.T.K. OC-2, P.V.K. Continuous miner and KKOC. These new projects are expect- ed to produce 13 million mtpy. Three wash- eries, each with 1-million-mtpy capacity are in operation on a build-own-operate basis: Ramagundam, Mandamarri and Ma- nuguru. Three more coal washeries with 10 million mtpy are in the pipeline: JVR (4 million mt), RG-II (3 million mtpy) and Khairagura (3 million mtpy). Indian Coal Geology and Reserves Coal is the most abundant fossil fuel re- source in the country. India, currently, stands fifth in terms of total world coal re- sources, whereas it is third from the point of view of identified reserves. The coal occurrences in India are mainly distributed along the river val- lies i.e., Damodar Valley, Sone-Mahanadi Valley, Pench-Kanhan Valley, Wardha-Go- davari Valley etc. There are 69 major coalfields located in the peninsular India besides, 17 located in the northeastern re- gion. The bulk of the coal reserves are con- fined to the southeastern quadrant of the country in West Bengal, Jharkand, Orissa, Chattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. The coal reserves of India have been es- timated by the Geological Survey of India at more than 315 billion mt — up to the depth of 1,200 m, as of the beginning of 2017. Of the 308 billion mt of coal reserves, prime coking coal is 5.3 billion mt, medium and semi-soft coking coals are 27.5 billion mt and 1.7 billion mt and non-coking coals reserves would amount to 280.6 billion mt. Most of these resources occur in Gondwanas and the balance in the Tertiary formations. Currently, lignite reserves in the coun- try have been estimated at 44.7 billion mt, most of which occur in Tamilnadu. Coal Resources India ranks second among the coal pro- ducing countries of the world in terms of annual coal production. Of the 315 billion mt of Indian coal resources up to a depth of 1,200 m, about 143 billion mt are con - Off-take of Coal in 2016-2017 (mt) Sectors 2016-2017 Metallurgical Uses 0 13 Power (Utility) 471 Power (Captive) 0 56 Cement 00 6 Sponge Iron 00 6 Others 0 99 Total 651 Sectoral Off-take of Raw Coal (mt) Cos. Achieved (2016-2017) Power Steel Cement Others Total CIL 442 0 5 4 0 96 547 SCCL 0 52 0 0 3 00 4 0 59 Others 0 33 0 7 0 00 4 0 44 Total 527 13 6 104 651 The Production of Coal Over the Years (millions of mt) Cos. 2013-2014 2014-2015 2015-2016 2016-2017 ECL 36.05 40.00 40.21 40.52 BCCL 32.61 34.51 35.86 37.04 CCL 50.02 55.65 61.32 67.05 NCL 68.64 72.48 80.22 84.1 WCL 39.73 41.15 44.82 45.63 SECL 124.26 128.28 137.93 145.33 MCL 110.44 121.38 137.90 139.21 NEC 0.66 0.78 0.487 0.6 CIL-Total 462.41 494.23 538.75 559.46 SCCL 50.47 52.54 60.38 59.53 Others* 15.19 24.48 40.10 43.8 All India 565.76 609.18 639.23 662.79