Coal Age

NOV 2014

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teaching judgment and decision-making. Given these findings, there are compelling reasons for incorporating judgment and decision-making components into quarterly escape training to further enhance trainees' base of knowledge to aid them in escap- ing an underground mine emergency. This article has presented an overview of judgment and deci- sion-making skills, including how the judgment and decision- making process takes place and how it can be incorporated into mine emergency escape situations. The example decision points provided offer a general framework for trainers to consider when developing new escape exercises. Readers are encouraged to read the NIOSH Report of Investigation 9692, which offers more infor- mation on judgment and decision making along with a complete sample escape situation that incorporates judgment and decision making (Brnich and Hall 2013). The more exposure miners receive to judgment and decision-making challenges through training scenarios, the better they will be at making solid deci- sions when escaping real-life mine emergencies, therefore improving their chances for survival. References Brnich MJ, Hall EE (2013). Mining Publication: Incorporating Judgment and Decision-making into Quarterly Mine Escape Training Based on a Mine Fire Scenario. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH RI 9692, 16 pp. Brnich MJ, Vaught C, Kowalski-Trakofler KM. (2011). Man Mountain's refuge: mine refuge chamber training instructor's guide and problem book. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH RI 9685, 32 pp. Brnich MJ, Vaught C (2009). Escape From Farmington No. 9: An Oral History. The Office of Mine Safety and Health Research. Pittsburgh, PA. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No.02009-142D. Brnich MJ, Vaught C, Calhoun RA (1999). I can't get enough air! Proper self-contained self-rescuer usage. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 99-160, 43 pp. Cole HP, Vaught C, Wiehagen WJ, Haley JV, Brnich MJ (1998). Decision-making during a simulated mine fire escape. In: IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, Vol. 45, No. 2, May 1998, pp. 153–162. Cole HP, Wiehagen WJ, Vaught C, Mills BS (2001). Use of Simulation Exercises for Safety Training in the U.S. Mining Industry. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH IC 9459, 20 pp. Flin R, Slaven G, Steward (1996). Emergency decision-making in the offshore oil and gas industry. Human Factors: J. Human Factors and Ergonomics Society, Vol. 38, No. 262, June 1996, pp. 262-277. Gates RA, Phillips RL, Urosek JE, Stephan CR, Stoltz RT, Swentosky DJ, Harris GW, O'Donnell JR, Dresch RA (2007). Report of Investigation: Fatal Underground Coal Mine Explosion, January 2, 2006, Sago Mine, Wolf Run Mining Company, Tallmansville, Upshur County, West Virginia, ID No. 46-08791. Arlington, VA: U. S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration. Harbison J (2001). Clinical decision-making in nursing: theoret- ical perspectives and their relevance to practice. J. Adv. Nursing, No. 1, July 2001, pp. 126-133. Kosmoski C, Margolis KA, McNelis KL, Brnich MJ, Mallet LG, Lenart P (2011). When do you take refuge? Decision-making dur- ing mine escape: instructors guide and lesson plans. By Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2011-177C (RI 9682). Kowalski-Trakofler KM, Vaught C, Scharf T (2004). Judgment and decision-making under stress: an overview for emergency managers. Int. J. Emer. Management, Vol. 1, No. 3, February 2004, pp. 278-289. Lauri S, Salantera S, Chalmers K, Ekman SK, Kim HS, Käppeli S, MacLeod M (2001). An exploratory study of clinical decision-mak- ing in fire countries. J. Nursing Scholarship, Vol. 33, No. 1, March 2001, pp. 83-90. Light TE, Herndon RC, Guley AR, Cook GL, Odum MA, Bates RM, Schroeder ME, Campbell CD, Pruitt ME (2007). Report of Investigation: Fatal Underground Coal Mine Explosion, May 20, 2006, Darby No. 1 Mine, Kentucky Darby LLC, Holmes Mill, Harlan County, Kentucky, ID No. 15-18185. Arlington, VA: U. S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration. Mine Safety Technology and Training Commission (2006). Improving mine safety technology and training: establishing U.S. global leadership. Commission Report, 201 pp. Murray KA, Pogue CW, Stahlhut RW, Finnie MG, Webb AA, Burke AL, Beiter DA, Francart WJ, Tjernlund DM, Waggett JN (2007). Report of Investigation Fatal Underground Coal Mine Fire, January 19, 2006, Aracoma Alma Mine No. 1, Aracoma Coal Company Inc. Stollings, Logan County, West Virginia I.D. No. 46- 08801. Arlington, VA: U. S. Department of Labor, Mine Safety and Health Administration. NAS (2013). Improving self-escape from underground coal mines. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies Press, pp. 63-84. USBM (1994). Travel through smoke; mining systems and human engineering. U.S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, PA. Vaught C, Hall E, Klein K. (2009). Harry's Hard Choices: Mine Refuge Chamber Training. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 2009-122 (RI 9511). Vaught C, Brnich MJ, Mallett LG, Cole HP, Wiehagen WJ, Conti RS, Kowalski KM, Litton CD (2000). Behavioral and organizational dimen- sions of underground mine fires. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, NIOSH IC 9450. About the Authors Michael J. Brnich Jr. is lead research mining engineer in the Training Research and Development Team at the NIOSH Office of Mine Safety and Health Research in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He is a former underground coal miner, a graduate of The Pennsylvania State University and a Certified Mine Safety Professional. Erica E. Hall was formerly a general engineer in the Training Research and Development Team at the NIOSH Office of Mine Safety and Health Research in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. She holds an mas- ter's degree in safety management from West Virginia University. November 2014 www.coalage.com 47 e s c a p e t r a i n i n g c o n t i n u e d

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